The 1962 October Crisis led the world to the
threshold of a nuclear edge and humanity was threatened by this atomic
catastrophe, living agonizing days. It has been 40 years of that uncertain
point caused by state terrorism unleashed against Cuba by the United States.
Along these four decades Fidel´s words are present with respect to the
country's sovereignty that it will never be discussed. To take away from us
our sovereignty they will have to sweep ourselves from earth.
..This is our revolution and we will defend
it with our blood , the first Minister, Fidel Castro stated during the October
crisis of 1962, defining Cuba's standpoint that did not hesitate at the
imminent nuclear catastrophe, and was willing to face naval blockade imposed
by the United States and to reject direct military invasion from the super
power nation.
From the popular triumph in Cuba in 1959 -
and even before- the North American government kept an aggressive policy
towards the island. The White House and the CIA were thinking plans to defeat
the revolution, thus suffering a great defeat with the mercenary invasion to
Playa Girón (Bay of Pigs) in April 1961.
If the then North American president, John F.
Kennedy would have decided himself to start a respectful dialogue , the
history of bilateral relations would be another and that bitter experience of
the October Crisis would have been avoided.
But the policy and intelligence machine of
Washington and the Pentagon insisted that the main goal was to put an end to
the Cuban Revolution.
Cuba moved its people and trained its
offensive capacity meanwhile terrorist attacked increased , aiming to end with
a direct military invasion.
With such a situation, the revolution
leadership accepted the proposal from the Soviet Union of placing middle
ranged rockets in the island thus supporting as well the security of the
Soviet Union. ( North American rockets basis are located in Turkey and Italy
and the defensive capacity of the socialist field immersed in a cold war.
The Cuban decision was legitimate and was
based on the need of defending itself and the right to determine its security
system and to arrive to military agreements with other nations.
" We get weapons if we feel like without
giving explanations to imperialism, Fidel stated who also reiterated that
"our weapons are not offensive because we have never attacked anybody,
and stated very clear that the revolution could not be destroyed by force. The
Cuban leader ordered the combat alarm when it was evident that the aggression
was on its way ordered by Kennedy and the Caribbean nation stood up in war.
Terrorism and under cover
war
During the stage of the mercenary defeat on
April 1961, and the October Crisis of the following year, sabotages, plan
attempts against their leaders against leaders , internal subversion with the
creation and support to the bands operating in the mountains as well as
espionage networks , support to counter revolutionary organizations , crimes
and violations of the air and naval space ..Declassified documents in the
United States are clear enough.
In an action memorandum of the Security
Council of the United States no. 2413 on May 4 1961, it is registered that
"the United States will not start a military intervention in Cuba but it
is not disregarded in the near future as a way to solve the conflict.."
The media cover in the USA should denounce the government of Cuba because of
its terrorist actions and outline the possibility of a military intervention
to put an end to these actions" …(they had to invent these
"actions) The Secretary of Defense of the Kennedy Administration , John
McNamara , on May the first of this same year sent to the chiefs of the State
Headquarters "The Contingency Plan for Cuba" that included the
invasion project of troops of the USA to the island , the use of 60 thousand
land troops ( including air and naval units ) aiming to occupy the national
territory within eight days.
The Mongoose
Secret
On November 1961 , Kennedy signed the
Mongoose Operation against Cuba , the biggest and enlarging secret project
ever made by the intelligence services of North America.
" The leadership of this operation was
thought outside the domain of the State Department due to the uncovered
character of its mission", the president assessor Richard Godwin informed
to Kennedy.
The Mongoose concrete actions were registered
in the Cuba project introduced by the president on January 18 , 1962 by
General Edward Lansdale, The evil plans were headed to the internal subversion
, blockade, political isolation , murder attempts to leaders- mainly Fidel
Castro- psychological and biological war and as the closing point the direct
military invasion.
There was not a lack of possible pretexts to
justify the invasion, including self attacks and the use of civilian planes to
pretend they were shot by Cuba's forces among other incredible proposals.
The payroll of the Mongoose operation was
huge there was the CIA, the State and Justice Department and the Information
Agency of the United States with the support of the Treasure and Trade
Secretaries among others .
During the in force operation (until January
1963) there were five thousands 780 terrorist actions against Cuba, from them
716 were sabotage of considerable damage against economic targets.
In that aggressiveness situation of the USA
and the prediction of a direct military invasion between July and October
1962, a Soviet military contingent with thousands of cash and diverse weapons.
This causes an unleashing of a propaganda campaign of the USA of alarm against
Cuba , whose direction insisted on giving knowledge to the military agreement
with the soviet side. The top leader of the soviet Union Nikita Jruschov ,
opposed himself and in public denied the deed that it was true.
On October 14, U-2 spy flight locates the
rocket facilities in the western region of Cuba and on October 22 Kennedy
decrees the naval blockade against Cuba and demands the withdraw of those
armaments from the island without conditions.
Next day, Fidel gave a conference to the
media to explain the people circumstances of the moment and from October 26 he
orders to withdraw any enemy plane flying at low height , thus a North
American spy plane was down that was violating the national air space.
Hidden mail between super
powers
The Cuban leader did not that from October 25
, Jruschov and Kennedy were secretly negotiating an agreement and the Soviet
leader , without previous consult with Cuba agreed the withdrawal of the
armament - under inspection - in exchange that the United States would
compromise itself not to invade the island and to withdraw its rocket basis in
Turkey.
The Cuban top leadership considered it
inconvenient for the country and Fidel made declaration of a national position
to reach true and lasting peace in the well known five points: Avoidance of
economic blockade, of al subversive attacks of pirate attacks, of violations
of the air and naval space and the withdrawal of the naval base of Guantanamo,
and he denied to allow inspection whatsoever.
Fidel ascertained " we will not give up
to the position forces of the United States and outlined what it matters is
not to pay any price for peace but to reach the definitive one.And added : we
do not believe in the simple promise of no aggression, we need facts and those
facts are registered within the five points …as Marxist Leninist people we
defend peace because we believe on it.
The Soviet leadership decided without any
communication to the nation to withdraw the armament. The conflict was solved
for the sake of humanity, but the North American hostility remains the same u
to now a days.
It is enough to highlight the terrorist scale
of the 90 decade, with the planting of bombs in hotels, attempts plans to the
Cuban President , threats of aggression , the inclusion of Cuba in a list of
terrorist countries the accusation of producing biological weapons and threat
of an electronic war.
"they do not know what to invent "
Fidel has repeatedly said
the October crisis reaffirmed the belief that
the defense of Cuba depends on its courage, unity and preparation of its
people and ratified that the Commander in Chief means courage and national
dignity for all Cubans.
Cuba has reiterated its will to normal
relations with the United States on mutual respect and vocation for peace , in
defense of UNO for man welfare and rights of the homeless.
Fidel has ratified that he will go on
struggling against terrorism and against and war and for the general
disarmament . the island has recently joined the Non Proliferation of Nuclear
Weapons Treaty and Tlatelolco.
During the October Crisis two super powers
were faced. Today the world is one pole power and the United States persists
on its political anti Cuban aggression , it behaves as a world police and it
launches to endless war adventures. Danger goes on threatening humanity and
Cuba struggles without rest with the belief that a better world is possible.
